中文名頸內動脈頸內動脈依其行程分為頸段、巖段、海綿竇段和前床突上段。其中[1] ，海綿竇段和前床突上段合稱虹吸部，多呈U形或 V形彎曲，是動脈硬化的好發部位頸內動脈系是腦的動脈系統之一，頸內動脈平甲狀軟骨上緣水平起自頸總動脈，按其形成，以顱底的頸動脈管外口為界，分為顱外段和顱內段。顱外段又稱為頸段，自頸總動脈分叉處至顱底，為頸內動脈各段中zui長的一段。頸內動脈先在頸外動脈的后外側上行，后轉至頸外動脈的后內側沿咽側壁達顱底。其特點是：（1）顱外段無分支；（2）起始部有頸動脈竇，為壓力感受器；（3）位置深而難以觸及。顱內段在血管造影像上分為五段C5段（頸動脈管段、巖骨段或神經節段）：在顳骨巖部的頸動脈管內走行，先向上，后彎向前內，在頸動脈管內口處，隔著硬腦膜與三叉神經節緊鄰。此段的特點是：全程大部行于骨性管道內，在入海綿竇處較為狹窄，并與咽鼓管和鼓室緊鄰。C4段（海綿竇段）：在后床突附近入海綿竇，稍上升后轉為近水平位沿蝶骨體兩側的頸動脈溝呈“S”形前行，達前床突后沿前床突內側的凹溝彎轉向上，移行為前膝段。該段的特點是：在海綿竇內緊貼內側的蝶竇側壁，外側與穿經海綿竇的動眼神經、滑車神經、三叉神經和展神經關系密切。C3段（前膝段或虹吸彎）：在前床突附近，呈“C”形，自前床突內側彎向后上穿海綿竇頂部的硬腦膜，眼動脈自此段或此段與海綿竇段移行處發出，向前伴視神經經視神經管入眶。C2段（交叉池段或床突上段）：在海綿竇上方的蛛網膜下隙內水平后行，于前穿質下方續為后膝段。C1段（后膝段或終段）：通常指參加Willis環的一段，在后床突前向上至分叉處。此段發出后交通動脈、脈絡叢前動脈、大腦前動脈和大腦中動脈。1996年Bout細菌illier等提出頸內動脈新的分段法：以數字（C1－C7）順血流方向標記頸內動脈全程，并考慮到對神經外科具有重要意義的頸內動脈四周解剖。

Chinese name Internal carotid artery internal carotid artery according to their journey is divided into cervical segment, rock segment, cavernous sinus and anterior segment of the bed. Which [1], cavernous sinus and anterior segment of the bed above the siphon, mostly U-shaped or V-shaped bend, is a good site of atherosclerosis Internal carotid artery system is one of the cerebral artery system, internal carotid artery level The level of thyroid cartilage from the common carotid artery, according to its formation, to the skull base of the external carotid artery as the boundary, divided into extracranial and intracranial segments. Extracranial segment, also known as the cervical segment, from the common carotid bifurcation to the skull base, the longest segment of the internal carotid artery. Internal carotid artery in the external carotid artery after the first upstream, after the transfer to the internal carotid artery along the pharyngeal side of the skull base. Its features are: (1) extracranial segment without branch; (2) the beginning of the carotid sinus, as baroreceptors; (3) deep and difficult to reach. The intracranial segment is divided into five segment C5 segment (carotid artery segment, petrous segment or nerve segment) on the angiographic image: walking in the carotid artery of the petrous petrous bone, first upward, then backward forward, in the carotid artery At the mouth, close to the trigeminal ganglion across the dura. This section is characterized by: Most of the major line within the bony duct, into the cavernous sinus at a more narrow, and Eustachian tube and tympanum immediay. C4 segment (cavernous sinus segment): into the cavernous sinus in the vicinity of the posterior bed, a little upward after the transfer to near horizontal position along the carotid ditch on both sides of the sphenoid body was "S" shaped forward, up to the front of the anterior bed prominence The ditch on the medial side of the diagonal curve turns upward, and the transition is the anterior knee segment. The segment is characterized by: the cavernous sinus close to the medial sphenoid sinus wall, the lateral and the oculomotor nerve through the cavernous sinus, the trochlear nerve, the trigeminal nerve and the spine nerve are closely related. C3 segment (knee segment or siphon curve): in the anterior prominence near the c-shaped, since the medial side of the prominence of the bend after the cavernous sinus at the top of the dural, the segment of the eye artery or section and the sponge Sinus segment issued at the migration, the forward optic nerve with optic canal into the orbit. Section C2 (cross-section or upper part of the bed bump): The level above the cavernous sinus in the subarachnoid space, followed by the anterior corpus continued posterior knee segment. Section C1 (posterior segment or end segment): Usually refers to the segment of the Willis ring, up to the bifurcation in the anterior posterior bed. This section is issued after the traffic artery, choroid plexus artery, anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery. In 1996, Bout et al. Proposed a new segmentation method of internal carotid artery: marking the entire internal carotid artery in the direction of digital (C1-C7) cisternal flow and taking into account the surrounding anatomy of internal carotid artery which is of great significance to neurosurgery.

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